定语从句
一、知识点 核心概念
定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,被修饰的词叫先行词,常见关系词有 who、which、that。
二、知识点讲解(分步骤)
- 找先行词:从句修饰的是谁或什么。
- 判断先行词是人还是物。
- 人常用
who / that,物常用which / that。 - 关系词在从句中作成分,不能随意省略。
三、图解 / 示例
The boy who is singing is Tom.
This is the book that I bought yesterday.
I like movies which make me laugh.四、易错点 / 陷阱
- 先行词是人时,不要误用
which。 - 定语从句不是两个完整句子简单相连。
- 关系词作主语时不能省略。
五、公式 / 规则总结
| 先行词 | 常用关系词 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| 人 | who / that | the girl who sings well |
| 物 | which / that | the book which I like |
| 人或物 | that | the things that matter |
六、练习题(基础题, 提高题, 拔高题)
基础题:选择关系词。
- The man ___ is talking is my uncle. (who / which)
- The bike ___ I bought is red. (who / which)
提高题:合并句子。
- I know the girl. The girl won the prize.
拔高题:翻译句子。
- 我喜欢能让我放松的音乐。
答案:
- who
- which
- I know the girl who won the prize.
- I like music that can make me relaxed.
七、拓展 / 关联知识
- 定语从句常出现在阅读长难句中。
- 写作中使用定语从句可以让表达更紧凑。